India stands at the crossroads of a burgeoning demand for energy, fueled by a surging GDP and a growing population. Currently, 70% of the nation’s energy needs are met by coal and oil, but with depleting fossil fuel reserves and environmental concerns on the rise, India is steering towards a greener future. The transition is outlined in ambitious climate action goals, with key milestones set for 2030 and the ultimate objective of achieving net-zero emissions by 2070.
Renewable energy, particularly solar and wind power, has been in the spotlight, but the potential of biogas is gaining momentum. Despite the focus on solar and wind, biomass energy, especially biogas, can be seamlessly integrated into existing fuel infrastructure, contributing significantly to reducing carbon footprints.
Biogas: A Game-Changer for India’s Energy Transition
India’s heavy reliance on oil imports, accounting for $94.3 billion from April 2021 to January 2022, necessitates a paradigm shift. Biogas emerges as a pivotal player, offering a solution that ensures energy security, affordability, job creation, and economic growth.
The Sustainable Alternative Towards Affordable Transportation (SATAT) initiative, launched by the Indian government, is a testament to this commitment. Envisioning an investment of $263 billion by 2024, SATAT aims to set up 5,000 compressed biogas (CBG) plants, producing 15 million metric tons of CBG and 50 million metric tons of bio manure. Incentives such as a long-term price guarantee for CBG, priority sector lending for CBG plant setup, and incorporation of bio manure in fertilizer policies underscore the government’s dedication to this eco-friendly transition.
Biomass and Waste: The Untapped Resources
India’s vast agricultural and livestock waste, totaling 500 million metric tons annually, presents an opportunity for biogas production. The SATAT initiative, although making strides, faces challenges in supply chains, financing, and delays in plant setup.
Overcoming Roadblocks: Strategies for a Robust Biogas Ecosystem
To realize the potential of biogas, addressing challenges at the local level is crucial. State governments and local municipalities must align with central policies to support initiatives. The government’s focus on ease of access, involvement of local stakeholders, access to information, organic farming practices, and mandates for CBG-based stations are steps in the right direction.
Towards Net Zero: A Call for Collaboration and Innovation
As of March 2022, progress towards the 5,000 CBG plant target is slow. To accelerate the transition, collaboration between stakeholders, innovation in technology, and robust financial support are essential. By fostering healthy competition, promoting research and development, and building capacity, India can harness the enormous potential of the CBG industry and achieve its ambitious net-zero emissions goal. The journey to zero is challenging, but with a concerted effort, India can lead the way in clean energy production and sustainable development.
Source: icf.com/insights/energy/biogas-core-india-clean-energy